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Khepermaatre Ramesses X (also written Ramses and Rameses) (ruled c. 1111 BC – 1107 BC)〔R. Krauss & D.A. Warburton "Chronological Table for the Dynastic Period" in Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss & David Warburton (editors), Ancient Egyptian Chronology (Handbook of Oriental Studies), Brill, 2006. p.493〕 was the ninth ruler of the 20th dynasty of Ancient Egypt. His birth name was Amonhirkhepeshef. His ''prenomen'' or throne name, Khepermaatre, means "The Justice of Re Abides."〔Peter Clayton, Chronicle of the Pharaohs, Thames & Hudson Ltd., 2006 paperback, p.167〕 His accession day fell on 1 ''prt'' 27 (first month of the Winter season, day 27).〔J. von Beckerath, GM 79 (1984), 8-9〕 His highest attested regnal year is year 3. The highest attested date in his reign is either "year 3, second month of the Inundation season, day 2"〔Botti & Peet, Il Giornale della Necropoli, 55〕 or possibly "year 3, month 4 (no day given)".〔Botti & Peet, Il Giornale della Necropoli, 55, txt d〕 Since Ramesses XI came to the throne on 3 ''šmw'' 20 (third month of the Summer season, day 20),〔K. Ohlhafer, GM 135 (1993), 59ff〕 it automatically follows that Ramesses X must have lived into an as yet unattested regnal year 4. The theory put forward on astronomical grounds by Richard Parker that Ramesses X may have reigned for 9 years, has since been abandoned.〔R.A. Parker, The Length of the Reign of Ramesses X, RdÉ 11 (1951), 163-164〕 Likewise, the suggested ascription of Theban graffito 1860a to a hypothetical year 8 of Ramesses X〔M. Bierbrier, JEA 58 (1972), 195-199〕〔M. Bierbrier, JEA 61 (1975), 251〕 is no longer supported.〔L.D. Bell, "Only one High Priest Ramessesnakht and the Second Prophet Nesamun his younger Son, Serapis 6 (1980), 7-27〕 The English Egyptologist Aidan Dodson once wrote in a 2004 book: : "No evidence is known to indicate the relationship between the final kings Ramesses IX, X and XI. If they were a father-son succession, Tyti, who bears the titles of King's Daughter, King's Wife and King's Mother, would seem (be ) a good candidate for the wife of Ramesses X, but little else can be discerned."〔Aidan Dodson & Dyan Hilton: The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. Thames & Hudson, 2004, ISBN 0-500-05128-3, p.191〕 However, Dodson's hypothesis here on Tyti's position must now be discarded since it has been proven in 2010 that Tyti was rather a queen of a previous 20th dynasty pharaoh instead. She is mentioned in the partly fragmented Harris papyrus to be Ramesses III's wife as Dodson himself acknowledges.〔Mark Collier, Aidan Dodson, & Gottfried Hamernik, P. BM 10052, Anthony Harris and Queen Tyti, JEA 96 (2010), pp.242-247〕 Ramesses X is a poorly documented king. His year 2 is attested by ''Papyrus Turin 1932+1939'' while his third year is documented in the Necropolis Journal of the Workmen of Deir El Medina.〔E.F. Wente & C.C. Van Siclen, "A Chronology of the New Kingdom" in ''Studies in Honor of George R. Hughes'', (SAOC 39) 1976, p.261〕 This diary mentions the general idleness of the necropolis workmen, at least partly due to the threat posed by Libyan marauders in the Valley of the Kings. It records that the Deir El-Medina workmen were absent from work in Year 3 IIIrd Month of Peret (i.e.: Winter) days 6, 9, 11, 12, 18, 21 and 24 for fear of the "desert-dwellers" (i.e.: the Libyans or Meshwesh) who evidently roamed through Upper Egypt and Thebes at will.〔J. Cerny, "Egypt from the Death of Ramesses III" in Cambridge Archaeological History (CAH), 'The Middle East and the Aegean Region c.1380-1000 BC', 1975, p.618〕 This is partly a reflection of the massive Libyan influx into the Western Delta region of Lower Egypt during this time. Ramesses X is also the last New Kingdom king whose rule over Nubia is attested from an inscription at Aniba.〔Nicolas Grimal, A History of Ancient Egypt, (Blackwell Books: 1992), p.291〕 His KV18 tomb in the Valley of the Kings was left unfinished and it is uncertain if he was ever buried here since no remains or fragments of funerary objects were discovered within it. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ramesses X」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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